Understanding Jobs in AI and Cognitive Computing | A Primer
Artificial Intelligence or AI is the study and development of electronic systems capable of doing activities that would ordinarily require human intelligence, such as language understanding or a judgment call. An AI program understands the instructions from the environment, processes and uses them to achieve its goals. It understands how to solve difficulties and knows how to do a task independently. For instance, in the real world self-driving vehicles use AI.
On the other hand, cognitive computing refers to computer systems that perform activities or processes that humans alone may not operate well. Cognitive computing aims to create a computational model that simulates mental mechanisms. The system can simulate an individuals' brain processes using self-learning algorithms that leverage data gathering, reinforcement learning, and speech recognition. Examples of cognitive computing include Siri, Google Assistant, Cortana, and Alexa.
Thus, we can say that all cognitive computing systems are AI systems, but not all AI systems are cognitive computing systems.
A cognitive computing software knows and understands how to:
- Identify intrusions or unforeseen circumstances
- Conduct sentiment analysis
- Translate languages
- Conduct other natural language projects
- Understand natural communication
- Learn to produce speech on its own
- Recognize objects in the scene, recordings, the environment around them etc
How AI and Cognitive Computing are Changing the World?
Approximately $16 trillion will be generated worldwide by AI and cognitive computing by 2030. AI and cognitive computing might assist organizations, governments, and citizens in several ways. The opportunities are limitless!
Here's a bird's eye view into the sectors that will scale using technologies like AI and Cognitive Computing:
Power industry: AI and cognitive computing will help optimize energy use and transmission to limit global power consumption.
e-commerce: AI and cognitive computing will make significant advances in e-commerce delivery. Online shoppers will get a personalized purchasing experience.Websites will have awareness of prior purchases made, searched products, and web surfing behaviours, which will impact customer decisions and in turn customer retention and revenues will improve.
Security & maintenance: These technologies will be employed in the security and maintenance sector to minimize criminality, improve public safety, and prevent fraud & identity theft. Smart houses and household robots will have real-time robot assistants for regulating and monitoring home systems and components. In addition, it will enable older persons with disabilities to live comfortably at home.
Social networking sites: AI and cognitive computing will enhance enjoyment and socialization; by finding and suggesting additional friends and social networks, discovering and promoting trips and content.
Pollution control: In terms of the environment, these technologies will aid trash disposal, composting, and pollution prevention. In addition, enterprise automation allows enterprises to automate operations, increase profits, improve innovation, and make better decisions.
Healthcare: Applications in the medical field include innovative drugs, vaccines, illness diagnosis, and highly tailored medical support. In addition, it could be used to operate self-driving vehicles in the transportation and logistics sector. AI and cognitive computing will have an enormous influence on our lives in the coming decades. What if we could identify and mitigate illnesses even before they manifest themselves? We're going to survive longer!
Thanks to AI, we can now identify and mitigate illness. For example, Cambio HealthCare designed a health monitoring system where clinicians are alerted when a patient is at risk for a heart attack, thus lessening the risk.
To understand how AI functions, we need to understand the four models that drive the cognitive computing systems to help solve complex problems in the real world. The following four models form the backbone of AI.
- Thompson sampling - It solves the exploration-exploitation dilemma. For example - selecting a restaurant: should you head out to your favorite diner (exploitation) or try out a new eatery (exploration). In future, this technology can be used to solve complex problems by analyzing all the possible outcomes to determine the best result.
- Q-learning - This is reinforcement learning which means that the AI program continuously learns depending on previous encounters with a problem. It also advises individuals or machines on what to do in specific circumstances. For example – when a robot has to move from a starting point to an ending point, along a path with obstacles. The robot needs to reach the target in the shortest way possible without hitting the barriers and following the walls' boundary. The robot will navigate through the obstacles to reach the exit using this method. In future, this technology can be used for autonomous vehicle navigation.
- Deep learning utilizes various techniques, including artificial neural networks composed of linked nodes or neurons, quite like the human brain. Many of today's most exciting AI and cognitive systems, such as those that conduct voice recognition, translation software, and clinical diagnosis, are built on deep neural networks. Artificial intelligence and neural network-based cognitive systems have even learned to play online games, create images, and play musical instruments. For example - Deep learning systems can translate between dialects instantaneously. Travelers, entrepreneurs, public servants, etc., can benefit from this.
- Deep convolutional neural networks - It is a neural network that adapts via a mathematical function known as convolution. They are tools for deciphering sensor input like photographs and movies. The most typical application is for assessing visual representations. For example - face recognition in our phones uses this system to unlock our phones from different angles!
It is tough to imagine what life was like before these accomplishments!
Now we begin to understand why AI and cognitive computing are often regarded as the most significant technological developments in human history? They can help us make better decisions, increase our intellect, and free up our restricted computational capacity so we may focus on other things!
Know more…
There's much more to Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Computing than covered here. If you wish to explore theories beyond this piece of information, click this pathway to deepen your understanding of AI and Cognitive Computing.
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